- Genetics. Some studies of twins and families suggest that personality disorders may be inherited. (Newer studies also showed twins separated at birth, one went on to develop it while the other did not.)
- Environmental factors. Many people with borderline personality disorder have a history of childhood abuse, neglect and separation from caregivers or loved ones. (while newer studies have shown this is not always the case.)
- Brain abnormalities. Some research has shown changes in certain areas of the brain involved in emotion regulation, impulsivity and aggression. In addition, certain brain chemicals that help regulate mood, such as serotonin, may not function properly. (Variations of certain mixtures of drugs have shown to help certain types of symptoms.)
Some common Risk factors for BPD include:
- Abandonment in childhood or adolescence
- Disrupted family life
- Poor communication in the family
- Sexual abuse
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